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The Rise of Collective Actions and the Risk to Portugal’s Economy
Research Areas: EU Single Market, Institutions, and GovernanceOver the past decade, Portugal has systematically transformed its economy, moving away from traditional sectors to build a tech-intensive knowledge...
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The Copyright Trap
The current debate on EU copyright law and AI training must move beyond the creative sector to include the wider European economy. While the rights...
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The Economic Burden of the Revised Product Liability Directive on EU and Non-EU Countries
Research Areas: EU Single Market, Institutions, and Governance Industrial and Competitiveness PolicyAny manufacturer or innovator – whether headquartered in Munich, San Francisco, Zurich, or Mumbai – that places a product on the European market...
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Consumer Protection in the Age of AI: Transposing the New EU Product Liability Directive in Sweden, Denmark, and Finland
Digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming Europe’s economy. The legal frameworks designed to govern them are catching...
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The Economic Risks of Transposing the EU Product Liability Directive in Germany
Research Areas: EU Single Market, Institutions, and Governance Industrial and Competitiveness PolicyWith the Ministerial Draft (Referentenentwurf) dated 11 September 2025, Germany has embarked on transposing the EU Product Liability Directive (EU...
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Mass Litigation and the Future of Litigation Funding in Ireland and Europe
Research Areas: EU Single Market, Institutions, and GovernanceAcross Europe, collective actions are on the rise. Expanding liability regimes and the rapid growth of third-party litigation funding (TPLF) are...
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Breaking Barriers, Boosting Growth: Unlocking the Power of Digital Technology for Europe’s Competitiveness
Research Areas: Data, AI, and Emerging Technologies EU Single Market, Institutions, and Governance Industrial and Competitiveness PolicyEurope’s digital economy faces a twin challenge that strikes at the heart of its competitiveness: the continent still lacks homegrown tech...
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The Impact of Increased Mass Litigation in the UK
Research Areas: EU Single Market, Institutions, and GovernanceOver the past decade, the United Kingdom has seen a marked rise in collective litigation, transforming what was once a niche legal, rarely employed,...
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Collective Action in the Netherlands: Why It Matters for the Transposition of the Product Liability Directive
Research Areas: EU Single Market, Institutions, and GovernanceThis policy brief explores the implications of the Netherlands’ transposition of the new EU Product Liability Directive (PLD), focusing on its...
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EU Export of Regulatory Overreach: The Case of the Digital Markets Act (DMA)
Research Areas: EU Single Market, Institutions, and Governance Industrial and Competitiveness Policy Trade, Globalisation and SecurityThe EU’s Digital Markets Act (DMA) exemplifies the "Brussels Effect," extending the EU’s regulatory influence beyond its borders and shaping...
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India and the World Economy: Policy Options at a Time of Geopolitical Drama, Technological Shifts, and Rising Protectionism
Research Areas: Data, AI, and Emerging Technologies South Asia and Oceania Trade, Globalisation and SecurityWhat trade policy should India pursue? Geopolitical drama and a faltering multilateral system have made choices of trade policy harder for many...
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Boosting Efficiency and Quality in EU Public Services: The Need for a European Multi-Cloud-First Strategy
Research Areas: Data, AI, and Emerging Technologies EU Single Market, Institutions, and Governance Industrial and Competitiveness PolicyUnprecedented Opportunity for Public Service Modernisation EU governments have an unprecedented opportunity to unlock up to EUR 450 billion in annual...